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Azure Functions is another evolution of Platform as a Service (PaaS), where small discreet pieces of software execute in the cloud. These small pieces of software, called functions, address a specific need for an individual problem. Even though functions are small and self-contained (high-functional cohesion), they can be composed so that they form part of a greater system. Azure Functions is one implementation of Serverless Architecture also known as Functions as a Service (FaaS). Azure Functions can also be a delivery mechanism for microservices. With Azure Functions there are no virtual machines (VMs) to manage. Instead, a number of discrete functions live inside a Function app.

As with other Azure services, multiple instances of function apps can be created -- for example, for different systems/applications. Because there are no servers to manually manage, Azure Functions can automatically scale (typically using a Consumption Plan) to process varying levels of workloads. In terms of pricing/costs, Azure Functions can run in the existing App Service Plan model where functions run on dedicated VMs, or they can run in a Consumption Plan. With a Consumption Plan, costs are incurred only when compute resources are actually used and the cost is measured in gigabyte-seconds, which is based on memory size and total execution time for all functions in a given Function App. [Click on image for larger view.] Figure 1.

Executing a Manually Triggered Function in Azure Portal Function Triggers An individual function can begin execution based on some kind of event. To respond to events, a function has a 'trigger.' There are a number of types of triggers provided. The simplest is the manual trigger. As its name implies this is a function that can be executed on an ad-hoc basis, whenever it’s required, by clicking a button in the Azure Portal Functions editor environment, as shown in Figure 1.

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